Aleksander Emelianenko (born August 2, 1981) is a Russian mixed martial arts fighter. He is a two-time Russian national SAMBO champion, and two-time world SAMBO champion in the absolute divisions.

Aleksander was born in the Russian SFSR in a family of a teacher, Olga Feodorovna Emelianenko, and a welder, Vladimir Aleksandrovich Emelianenko. Aleksander is the third child in the family and has an older sister, Marina, an older brother, Fedor Emelianenko, and a younger brother, Ivan (born 1988). Fedor is the reigning WAMMA heavyweight champion , while Ivan is currently in training.

Aleksander started martial arts training at a very early age: his older brother, Fedor, often had to babysit him, and since Fedor didn't want to miss his Sambo practice, he took young Aleksander with him. At first Aleksander only observed the older kids, but soon he started mimicking their movements and doing pull-ups and push-ups. Aleksander started his formal Sambo training when he joined elementary school, but by that time his peers were already no match for him. Aleksander trained with his childhood Sambo coach, Vladimir Mihailovich Voronov, and his brother Fedor, until June 2006.

In an interview, his brother Fedor Emelianenko confirmed that Aleksander had spent time in a prison for robbery. Aleksander was sentenced to 5 years but was released after 3.5 years.

After the 2008 South Ossetia Conflict he came to South Ossetia to practice in sign of solidarity with the Ossetian people.